THIS WEEK
Mon- SNOW DAY!!
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Tues- –> ROCKETRY MEETING AT LUNCH <– Slide Show, BOW, JM, Notes: Spent the hour discussing the screen shots (mostly Astronomy and gravity stuff)
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Wed- HO side 3 & 4 of THT4; BLUE DAY for Packet 3 Test; HO 4.5 (More Free fall problems)
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Thur – Most students will be gone in the morning classes for the NHS musical “White Christmas” so those that are here watched a thing on Hollow Earth; watched a thing on Samsara; Did a graph from 4.5; Watched more of “The Right Stuff”
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Fri- Work on 4.6; Did our first Where in Norman; Showed the new HUW; Discussed the History section of Packet 4; Prepared to go outside and do rocket launch on Monday
LAST WEEK
Mon- Slide Show, BOW, JM, Notes: Studying g HO 4.4 Birth of Blue Equations; talked about the Physics of Interstellar (string theory (m theory); gravitons)
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Tues- –> NO ROCKETRY <– work on Blue Kinematics; discussed the Physics of interstellar and the Rosetta Probe and poor poor Philae; HO 4.4
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Wed- Worked on 4.4; discussed Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation; g; Comet 67P
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Thur – MICHAEL SLEMMON’S will be here from 12:12 – 12:52 to talk about “Semester at Sea and Other Adventures”. Sheet 4.3 Reading was due at 4:30PM — if you didn’t hand it in, wait until you turn in your Packet 4– I’ll grade it then;
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Fri- HO TAKE HOME TEST #4 Side 1 and 2; Finished class part of 4.4; HO 4.5 in some classes, began discussing convection and what causes molecules to speed up when exposed to IR electromagnetic waves.
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- I can’t believe how big Venus is.
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- Cat Math
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- Michael Slemmons came to talk to us about Semester at Sea. I wanna go!
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- The following are from his slides . . .
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- Michael’s and Holly’s contact info. Let me know if you are considering it. I will offer 1/2 Division time for all research you do into Semester at Sea.
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- As a 55 year old Oklahoman, trust me . . . this good advice.
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- The four fundamental forces of our universe. Perhaps there are others (dark energy?) . . . but these are three we know about so far.
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- This screen shot also shows the ranges of the forces. Notice that Strong Nuclear Force (SNF) is by far the strongest, but itty bitty living space! Weak Nuclear Force (WNF) has an even smaller range. Electromagnetic and gravity are infinite in range.
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- Electromagnetic forces are the dominant force in our lives (much more than gravity). For instance, EM forces are what keep you from falling through the floor. Electro clouds reeling each other.
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- Photons are the force carriers for Electromagnetics. What are the force carriers for gravity? Gravitons? The problem is they are soon weak, they are very hard to detect.
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- This could be the reason that gravity (if you consider it a force) is so weak compared to the other three.
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- brane theory.
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- Gravity waves wavelengths are sooooo long and the amplitude so small that it will take an amazing expensive detector to find them.
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- LIGO
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- LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravity Observatory)– We have two of them in the US. Still looking for gravity waves.
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- Is 4 km enough? are the earth vibrations too much
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- Bigger and better than LIGO, but the US pulled it’s funding. Europe will press on with a smaller version and a 2034 projected launch.
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- Notice that the undetected (so far) graviton is the force carrier for Gravity.
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- masses of the fundamental particles.
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- From so simple a beginning. Notice that gravitons do not play a big role until we get to large object. E&M dominates everything above the size of the nucleus up to say . . . a milligram (?)
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- Where gravity dominates all other forces. Near a black hole.
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- The movie Interstellar went a little overboard on the time dilation of a planet orbiting a black hole. To get to 1 hr equals 7 years the planet would have to pretty much be at the event horizon. Tidal effects would destroy any planet that close. It certainly wouldn’t be a frozen planet if there was any kind of core at all. Unless the worm hole took them to another universe with slightly different physics . . . but I think they would have noticed that.
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- Spaghettification that would occur as he entered the black hole. The movie said something about moving quick enough to avoid the tidal effects. Huh?
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- ouch!
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- yikes!
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- . . . and physics loves you too.
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- Carson Hopkins was the first to suggest this fun ride. All you have to do is drill a hole in the earth from the North pole to the South pole.
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- Most orbits decay So if a golf ball began to orbit a volleyball in interstellar space, they would eventually end up together. Actually, the golf ball wouldn’t orbit the center of the volleyball, they would orbit about their Barycenter (the center of mass of the system).
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- If the golf ball were flying by the volleyball it might take the volleyball a few months to slow down the golfball enough to get it to turn around and begin to come back. This would be an extremely eccentric orbit (highly elliptical).
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- AP Physics girls still like the throne on a clod morning in the 807
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- Gravity wells of our solar system
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- Gravity wells for the earth moon mars system
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- Earth’s gravity well
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- Curvature of spacetime
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- blackholes
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- wormholes
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- wormholes
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- Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation
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- Acceleration dues to gravity on the east side of the room vs. the west side of the room.
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- Force is a vector. We figured out that it was the steel beam above the west side of the room.
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- Force is a vector
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- Gravity drops off as the square of the distance from the center of mass of an object.
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- Inside a hollow sphere, you would be weightless.
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- An old idea that some still believe today.
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- people will believe about anything.
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- Looks very scientific. : )
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- So the moon came from the earth.
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- After Orpheus hit the earth, the earth had a ring like Saturn. The ring slowly coalesced into two moons.
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- Eventually the two moons gravitational attraction brought them together into one big moon. Lucky us!
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- Barycenter between earth and moon
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- Barycenter for our solar system.
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- The “hole” in the Indian Ocean.
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- Gravity anomalies give evidence of rift zones.
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- Free fall Blue equations are simply modifications of the more general Orange Kinematics
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- “g” on earth compared to “g” of the moon.
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- a sub y is not necessarily g.
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- 4.4.2
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- 4.4.2
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- The negative trio that goes with 4.4.2
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- 4.4.3
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- 4.4.3
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- Why must interstellar or interplanetary missions have to be autonomous robots?
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- two way signal time from the earth to the moon.
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- Time it takes EM waves (including light) from the sun to the earth
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- EM wave time from Earth to Mars at our closest approach.
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- So . . . a radio wave takes 20 minutes to get to Rosetta.
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- Comet 67P and Rosetta’s upcoming path.
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- Rosetta’s path to get to the comet.
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- Dimensions of the comet compared to the Imperial fighter
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- A modification of Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation to find “g”.
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- Plugging in the constants gives “g” for earth.
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- Work we did to try to estimate the g of the comet.
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- finding the g of the comet . . .
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- determining the g of the comet
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- the g of the comet compared to earth and moon
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- the crazy path Rosetta has to take to orbit Comet
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- The celebration after Philae landed
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- true
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- Philae is dying
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- A couple of the classes talked about Apophis
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- A bit dramatic, but could Apophisswing back around in 2036? VERY doubtful, but fun to consider. Apophis is only something like 350m in diameter, but that would do A LOT of damage.
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- scare tactics.
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- Apophis path
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- It is going to come VERY close.
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- VERY close . . . even below some satellites.
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- A map of local asteroids.
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- GRACE uses two satellites and GPS satellites are used to do gravity anomalies on earth.
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- Some of the data from the GRACE satellites are used to show how California is losing all it’s ground water. All this from the changing gravity, due to the lowering of the ground water tables.
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- 4.4.7 We got a new equation out of it. The launch equation which is a subset of the 3rd Blue Free Fall kinematics equation.
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- We ended up talking about Convection at the end of class Friday. This cam out of the talk about gravity anomalies showing rift zones. And we talked about the failed rift zone which is no w the Wichita Mountains.
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- We ended up talking about Convection at the end of class Friday. This cam out of the talk about gravity anomalies showing rift zones. And we talked about the failed rift zone which is no w the Wichita Mountains.
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- Ocean currents undergo convection.
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- So what is the ultimate cause of convection. First we need to talk about IR waves.
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- IR is just below the visible range of the EM spectrum.
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- ROYGBIV . . . Newton came up with it. He made up the Indigo color to make it SEVEN colors. Seven is a holy number and Newton had a strong faith.
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- Spectrum
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- Spectrum and wavelength
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- Subsets of UV light.
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- The IR (infrared) waves cause molecules to undergo these three types of motion.
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- Absorption of waves EM waves causes Rotation, vibration or electronic transition.
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- various types of molecular vibrations after IR wave absorption
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- IR absorption in a carbon dioxide molecule.
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- IR absorption in a water molecule.
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- Energy tied up in bonds.
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- Absorption of IR waves increases the energy of the molecule increasing the Rotational and vibrational energy which results in increased translational energy. This increases the average kinetic energy which causes the molecules to slam into each other bouncing around and decreasing the density of the group of molecules which causes the other denser cooler areas to push up this less dense warmer area thus giving birth to “convection”.
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- Not just gases and liquids. Molten rock in the earth also undergoes convection.
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- Solid core (yellow) Molten outer core (red) ; mantle (red), asthenosphere, lithosphere, crust. Convection currents cause ridges, subduction, plate tectonics.
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Askey Physics 